Configuring OpenIKED VPNs for StrongSwan Clients
A few weeks ago I configured a road warrior VPN setup. The remote end is on a VPS running OpenBSD and OpenIKED, the VPN is an IKEv2 VPN using x509 authentication, and the local end is StrongSwan. I also configured an IKEv2 VPN between my VPSs. Here are the notes for how to do so.
In all cases, to use x509 authentication, you will need to generate a bunch of certificates and keys:
- a CA certificate
- a key/certificate pair for each client
Fortunately, OpenIKED provides the ikectl
utility to help you do
so. Before going any further, you might find it useful to edit
/etc/ssl/ikeca.cnf
to set some reasonable defaults for your
certificates.
Begin by creating and installing a CA certificate:
# ikectl ca vpn create
# ikectl ca vpn install
For simplicity, I am going to assume that the you are managing your CA on the same host as one of the hosts that you want to configure for the VPN. If not, see the bit about exporting certificates at the beginning of the section on persistent host-host VPNs.
Create and install a key/certificate pair for your server. Suppose for example your first server is called server1.example.org:
# ikectl ca vpn certificate server1.example.org create
# ikectl ca vpn certificate server1.example.org install
Persistent host-host VPNs
For each other server that you want to use, you need to also create a key/certificate pair on the same host as the CA certificate, and then copy them over to the other server. Assuming the other server is called server2.example.org:
# ikectl ca vpn certificate server2.example.org create
# ikectl ca vpn certificate server2.example.org export
This last command will produce a tarball server2.example.org.tgz. Copy it over to server2.example.org and install it:
# tar -C /etc/iked -xzpvf server2.example.org.tgz
Next, it is time to configure iked. To do so, you will need to find some information about the certificates you just generated. On the host with the CA, run
$ cat /etc/ssl/vpn/index.txt
V 210825142056Z 01 unknown /C=US/ST=Pennsylvania/L=Pittsburgh/CN=server1.example.org/emailAddress=rak@example.org
V 210825142208Z 02 unknown /C=US/ST=Pennsylvania/L=Pittsburgh/CN=server2.example.org/emailAddress=rak@example.org
Pick one of the two hosts to play the “active” role (in this
case, server1.example.org). Using the information you gleaned
from index.txt, add the following to /etc/iked.conf
, filling in
the srcid and dstid fields appropriately.
ikev2 'server1_server2_active' active esp from server1.example.org to server2.example.org \
local server1.example.org peer server2.example.org \
srcid '/C=US/ST=Pennsylvania/L=Pittsburgh/CN=server1.example.org/emailAddress=rak@example.org' \
dstid '/C=US/ST=Pennsylvania/L=Pittsburgh/CN=server2.example.org/emailAddress=rak@example.org'
On the other host, add the following to /etc/iked.conf
ikev2 'server2_server1_passive' passive esp from server2.example.org to server1.example.org \
local server2.example.org peer server1.example.org \
srcid '/C=US/ST=Pennsylvania/L=Pittsburgh/CN=server2.example.org/emailAddress=rak@example.org' \
dstid '/C=US/ST=Pennsylvania/L=Pittsburgh/CN=server1.example.org/emailAddress=rak@example.org'
Note that the names 'server1_server2_active'
and
'server2_server1_passive'
in the two stanzas do not matter and
can be omitted. Reload iked on both hosts:
# ikectl reload
If everything worked out, you should see the negotiated security associations (SAs) in the output of
# ikectl show sa
On OpenBSD, you should also see some output on success or errors
in the file /var/log/daemon
.
For a road warrior
Add the following to /etc/iked.conf
on the remote end:
ikev2 'responder_x509' passive esp \
from 0.0.0.0/0 to 10.0.1.0/24 \
local server1.example.org peer any \
srcid server1.example.org \
config address 10.0.1.0/24 \
config name-server 10.0.1.1 \
tag "ROADW"
Configure or omit the address range and the name-server
configurations to suit your needs. See iked.conf(5)
for details.
Reload iked:
# ikectl reload
If you are on OpenBSD and want the remote end to have an IP
address, add the following to /etc/hostname.vether0
, again
configuring the address to suit your needs:
inet 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.0
Put the interface up:
# ifconfig vether0 up
Now create a client certificate for authentication. In my case, my road-warrior client was client.example.org:
# ikectl ca vpn certificate client.example.org create
# ikectl ca vpn certificate client.example.org export
Copy client.example.org.tgz to client and run
# tar -C /etc/ipsec.d/ -xzf client.example.org.tgz -- \
./private/client.example.org.key \
./certs/client.example.org.crt ./ca/ca.crt
Install StrongSwan and add the following to /etc/ipsec.conf
,
configuring appropriately:
ca example.org
cacert=ca.crt
auto=add
conn server1
keyexchange=ikev2
right=server1.example.org
rightid=%server1.example.org
rightsubnet=0.0.0.0/0
rightauth=pubkey
leftsourceip=%config
leftauth=pubkey
leftcert=client.example.org.crt
auto=route
Add the following to /etc/ipsec.secrets
:
# space is important
server1.example.org : RSA client.example.org.key
Restart StrongSwan, put the connection up, and check its status:
# ipsec restart
# ipsec up server1
# ipsec status
That should be it.
Sources:
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